Graves disease is an autoimmune condition that affects around one in every three people with an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). But the disorder can occur at any age and can affect men as well. Graves disease is most common in women over age 20. Graves disease is due to an abnormal immune system response that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. One of the main causes of exophthalmos in the US is thyroid eye disease, also known as Graves ophthalmopathy. An autoimmune disorder is a condition that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). Exophthalmos is a symptom of which endocrine disorder? If necessary, your doctor or optometrist can refer you to an ophthalmologist (a specialist in diagnosing and treating eye conditions) for further assessment. Treatment is often more effective if it’s started as soon as possible. It’s important to identify the underlying cause so appropriate treatment can be given. See your doctor or an optometrist (optician) if you notice that one or both of your eyes are protruding. You may only be advised to have regular examinations to monitor your condition. In some cases, an ophthalmologist (eye specialist) may feel immediate treatment isn’t necessary. Treatment for exophthalmos (bulging eyes) largely depends on what is causing the problem. However, permanent visual impairment is rare if the condition is identified and treated promptly. ![]() ![]() Some people with exophthalmos are left with long-term vision problems, such as double vision. There’s a chance your eyes will continue to protrude if corrective surgery isn’t carried out. Many of the symptoms of thyroid eye disease tend to improve over time, although this can take a number of years. There’s also a small risk of the optic nerve (which transmits signals from the eye to the brain) becoming compressed if you have exophthalmos, which may affect your sight permanently if it isn’t treated quickly. Exophthalmos is most often caused by thyroid eye disease. ![]()
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